ืžื•ืคืขืœ ืข"ื™
Economics

'ื“"ืจ ื“ื•ื' ื›ืขืช ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื›ืœื›ืœืช ืืจื”"ื‘, ืฆื•ืคื” ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืฉืœ 4% ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืžื›ืกื™ื ืฉืœ ื˜ืจืืžืค

ื”ื›ืœื›ืœืŸ ื ื•ืจื™ืืœ ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ ืžืฆื™ื’ ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ืช ืœืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืืจื”โ€ื‘, ืขื ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ืœืขืœื™ื™ื” ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ 4% ืขื“ 2030. ื”ื•ื ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืกื—ืจ ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืื˜ ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื‘-50 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืก, ื”ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืœืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื‘-200 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืก.

ื ื›ืชื‘ ืข"ื™
ืฉืชืฃ
'ื“"ืจ ื“ื•ื' ื›ืขืช ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื›ืœื›ืœืช ืืจื”"ื‘, ืฆื•ืคื” ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืฉืœ 4% ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืžื›ืกื™ื ืฉืœ ื˜ืจืืžืค

ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื˜ืจืืžืค ื ื›ื ืข ืœืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื™ื

ื”ื›ืœื›ืœืŸ ื ื•ืจื™ืืœ ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื™, ื”ื™ื“ื•ืข ืžื–ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ื‘ืื–ื”ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืœืคื ื™ ืžืฉื‘ืจื™ื ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื™ื, ืžืฆื™ื’ ื›ืขืช ืคืจืกืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืืจื”โ€ื‘. ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ืกื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื“ื•ื ืœื“ ื˜ืจืืžืค, ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืฉื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ื™ืงื–ื–ื• ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื™ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช, ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื• ืฉืืจื”โ€ื‘ ืชื’ื™ืข ืœืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ 4% ืขื“ 2030.

ืœืคื™ ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื™, ื”ืžื•ื›ืจ ื’ื ื›โ€ื“โ€ืจ ื“ื•ืโ€, ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื™ื, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉื•ืง ื”ืื’โ€ื— ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™, ืขื–ืจื• ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื”ื’ืจื•ืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืกื—ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœ.

โ€œื”ืกื•ื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืขืœื• ืขืœ ื”ืžื›ืกื™ื, ื•ื”ืžืฉืงื™ืคื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืื’โ€ื— ื”ื•ื›ื™ื—ื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื›ื—ื–ืงื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™,โ€ ืืžืจ ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื™, ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื• ืœื ืกื™ื’ืช ื˜ืจืืžืค ืžืžื›ืกื•ืช ื ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ืœืื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง.

ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื’ืŸ ื‘ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžื›ืกื™ื ื”ื”ื“ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื• ืœืžืจื•ืช ื‘ืงื•ืจืช ื’ื•ื‘ืจืช ืžืฆื“ ื›ืœื›ืœื ื™ื, ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ื‘ืจื™ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื, ื˜ืจืืžืค ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืฉืขื™ื” ื–ืžื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื–ื• ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ืชืฉื•ืื•ืช ืขืœ ืื’โ€ื— ืืจื”โ€ื‘ ืขืœื•, ืžื” ืฉืกื™ืžืŸ ืื™ ื ื—ืช ื’ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื•ื”ืฉื•ืง ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™.

ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ืช ื‘ืชืฉื•ืื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืื’โ€ื— ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ืคื•ืจืฉื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื ืจื—ื‘ ื›ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืœืžืชื—ื™ื ื”ืกื—ืจื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื’ื‘ืจื™ื, ืขื ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ืฉืžื˜ืžื™ืขื™ื ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืื˜ื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื—ืฆื™ื ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื”ืžื›ืกื™ื. ืขืœื™ื™ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ืื•ืช ื‘ืืจื”โ€ื‘ ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื™ืฆื™ืืช ื”ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ืžืชืคืชื—ื™ื ื•ืœืœื—ืฅ ืขืœ ืžื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื™ื.

โ€˜ื“ืจ ื“ื•ืโ€™ ืžื ื‘ื ืžื™ืชื•ืŸ ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ืจื“ื•ื“

ืœืคื™ ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื™, ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื‘ ื ื™ืฆื—ื• ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื˜ืจืืžืค ื”ืขืœื” ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืœืคื˜ืจ ืืช ื™ื•โ€ืจ ื”ืคื“ืจืœ ืจื™ื–ืจื‘ ื’โ€™ืจื•ื ืคืื•ื•ืœ ืขืœ ืกื™ืจื•ื‘ื• ืœื”ื•ืจื“ืช ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช.

โ€œื˜ืจืืžืค ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืžืฆืžืฅ โ€“ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืœืขืช ืขืชื”,โ€ ืฆืคื” ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื™, ื•ื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ืขืžื™ื“ืชื• ื”ืื™ืชื ื” ืฉืœ ืคืื•ื•ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™.

ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืกื—ืจ ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืคืจื•ื˜ืงืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืื˜ ืืช ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืขื“ 50 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืก, ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืฉื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืชื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืœืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื‘ืืจื”โ€ื‘ ื‘-200 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืก.

โ€œืื ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืขื•ืœื” ืž-2% ืœ-4% ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”, ื–ื”ื• ื“ื—ื™ืคื” ืฉืœ 200 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื”. ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื’ื ื•ืช ืกื—ืจ ื•ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื•ืช ืžืจื—ื™ืงื•ืช ืœื›ืช ื™ืฆืžืฆืžื• ืœื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืœืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื‘-50 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืก,โ€ ื”ื•ื ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ.

ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ ืกื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื” ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช (AI) ื”ืื™ืฅ ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช, ื’ื ืžื•ืœ ืื™ ื”ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช.

โ€œืžืื– ื”ืฉืงืช ChatGPT ื‘ืกื•ืฃ 2022, ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœ-AI ื”ื ื™ืขื• ื‘ื•ื ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืจื”โ€ื‘,โ€ ืืžืจ, ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื–ืง ืฉืœ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืืฃ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืžื›ืกื™ื.

ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื, ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื™, ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื‘ื›ื™ืจ ื‘-Hudson Bay Capital Management LP, ืชืงืฃ ื’ื ืืช ืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ืฉืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ืช ืขื ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื ื’ื“ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช, ืชืœื•ืช ืื ืจื’ื˜ื™ืช ื•ืชืœื•ืช ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืกื™ื ื™ื™ื. ื”ื•ื ืžื ื‘ื ืคืขืจ ื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืจื”โ€ื‘ ืœืื™ืจื•ืคื”.

โ€œืคืขืจ ื”ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช ื‘ืŸ 50 ืฉื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืžืจื™ืงื” ืœืื™ืจื•ืคื” ืจืง ื™ื’ื“ืœ ื›ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืžื•ื ืขืช AI ืฉืชืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืœื•ื’ืจื™ืชืžื™ืช ืœืืงืกืคื•ื ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ืช,โ€ ื”ื–ื”ื™ืจ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœืŸ.

ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ืžื›ืกื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ืืจื”โ€ื‘, ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ ื—ื•ื–ื” ืฉื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ืชืขืœื” ืžืขืœ 4% ื”ืฉื ื”. ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื™ืื˜ ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช, โ€œืžื” ืฉื™ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืžื™ืชื•ืŸ ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ืจื“ื•ื“ ืฉื™ื™ืžืฉืš ื›ืžื” ืจื‘ืขื•ื ื™ื.โ€

ืœืžืจื•ืช ืžืชื—ื™ื ืกื—ืจื™ื™ื, ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื•ื ืชื™ื ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช, ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช ืœืฉื’ืฉื’.

ืชื’ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื” ื–ื•